> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://mims.oascities.org/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://mims.oascities.org/local-digital-twins/mim8-local-digital-twins/capabilities-and-requirements.md).

# Capabilities and Requirements

Here it is, formatted in the same style:

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### Capabilities and Requirements

## **C1: Provide access to datasets used within the LDT, including static, real-time, and simulation data and calculation models**

*This capability relies on MIM0 (Accessing Data) for generic data access.*

**Requirements:**

**R1.1** The LDT shall provide access to simulation outputs and calculation-model inputs where these are needed as part of LDT workflows.

**R1.2** The LDT should distinguish clearly between raw source data, transformed workflow-ready data, model inputs, and model outputs.

## **C2: Exchange data with external systems and other LDTs using interoperable interfaces**

*This capability relies on MIM3 (Exchanging Data) for data exchange.*

## **C3: Reuse deterministic or AI models across different domains, communities, use cases, and/or LDTs**

**Requirements:**

**R3.1** The model should provide standard model metadata, including a description of its methods and parameters, and data-parameters (either by value or by reference). To this end common metadata standards should be used.

**R3.2** The model shall expose or be callable through a documented interface, preferably using a known standardised API. The dataset that forms the outcome of the model shall be described (at data-level).

**R3.3** Trustworthy, reliable, and ethical use of innovative methods (LLMs, agentic AI, etc.) should be safeguarded. Bias should minimised where applicable. The methods used to guarantee this, should be described.

**R3.4** The model must be able to access data on behalf of the end-user or organisation. See MIM3

**R3.5** For data to be used in AI models, provenance and trust should be guaranteed. In some cases, an authoratitive sourc, such as a government agency must be listed.

## **C4: Coordinate and manage data, models, and processing workflows within an LDT (intra-LDT) and across LDTs (inter-LDT)**

**Requirements:**

**R4.1** The LDT supports workflows that connect data sources, data transformations, model execution, simulation processes, and outputs.

**R4.2** The LDT chains workflow steps, where the output of one step can be used as the input for another.

**R4.3** The LDT monitors workflow execution status, including completed, failed, and interrupted processes.

**R4.4** The LDT records workflow provenance, including datasets used (including version, timestamped), models executed, parameters selected, and outputs generated.

## **C5: Provide multiple visualisations of data and results (e.g. 2D, 3D, dashboards) from common underlying data and models for interaction and comparison**

**Definitions**\
**Scenario:** A scenario describes the external factors, not influencable by the DT-user, such as ligth, modest or heavy climatechange.\
**Variant:** A variant describes the potential options (solutions) the DT-user models in order to respond to a challenge, e.g different environmental designs for an area.&#x20;

**Requirements:**

**R5.1** The LDT provides metadata explaining what is visualised, including timestamp, spatial scope, data source, and scenario- and variant-assumptions where relevant.

**R5.2** The LDT supports different interactive visualisation types, such as 2D maps, 3D scenes, dashboards, reports, or public-facing views.

## **C6: Ensure that data exchanged (and simulation outputs) within and between LDTs can be interpreted consistently through shared or mapped semantics and clear provenance**&#x20;

*This capability relies on MIM2 (Representing Data) for semantic interoperability and on MIM7 for interoperability of geospatial data.*

**Requirements:**

**R6.1** The LDT should document unresolved semantic gaps, assumptions, or mappings that may affect the interpretation, reuse, or comparison of results.


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